We also analyze the effect of driving intensity on the frequency range of the probe. We investigate laddertype electromagnetically induced transparency eit in rubidium gas. Pdf electromagnetically induced transparency in rubidium. Extreme dispersion is also created within this transparency window which leads to slow light, described below.
Electromagnetically induced transparency eit 1,2 through quantum coherent effects has attracted consider able interest due to its extensive applications in quantum optics and atomic physics. We demonstrate electromagnetically induced transparency with the control laser in a laguerregaussian mode. Applications of electromagnetically induced transparency. Electromagnetically induced transparency based slow and stored light in warm atoms irina novikova1, ronald l. The relation of eit to other processes involving laserinduced atomic coherence, such as coherent population trapping, coherent adiabatic population transfer and. Electromagnetically induced transparency lectromagnetically in duced transparency is a technique for eliminating the effect of a medium on a propagating beam of electro magnetic radiation. In addition, the dispersion properties are also a ected, giving rise to many useful applications such as e ective nonlinear frequency conversion, slow light and nonlinear mixing. In a system of just two coupled harmonic oscillators subject to a.
The subject of this paper is the electromagnetically induced transparency eit, the phenomenon belonging to the category of the coherent effects. Stopped light and image storage by electromagnetically. Mar 16, 2011 a phenomenon known as electromagnetically induced transparency has been the subject of much research in atomic systems, as it makes it possible to slow down and stop light. Double electromagnetically induced transparency in a tripod. Osa electromagnetically induced transparencylike effect. Eit is a phenomenon that dramatically modi es the optical properties of a medium by creating a transparency window at a normally highly absorbing atomic resonance, and by greatly enhancing the mediums dispersion. We have experimentally studied the propagation of two optical fields in a dense rubidium rb gas in the case when an additional microwave field is coupled to the hyperfine levels of rb atoms. Dynamics of electromagnetically induced transparency optical kerr nonlinearities by michael vernon pack submitted in partial ful. Electromagnetically induced transparency tigate atomic energy levels, hyper.
Preface imagine you can make a black wall transparent just by shining a certain light onto that wall. Electromagnetically induced transparency in atoms with. Electromagnetically induced transparency experimental. Electromagnetically induced transparency is a technique for eliminating the effect of medium on a propagating beam of electromagnetic radiation. An allpass microringbragg gratings apmrbg based coupling resonant system is proposed and experimentally demonstrated to generate electromagnetically induced transparency eitlike transmission for the first time. Pdf in the initial part of the paper, the principles of the electromagnetically induced transparency eit in basic threelevel schemes are. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum interference phenomenon that allows for the transmission of light through an otherwise opaque. Osa electromagnetically induced transparencylike effect in.
Dynamically tunable resonant strength in electromagnetically. In this paper we present a theoretical study of eit using supercon ducting circuit with a vtype artificial molecule constructed by two. Computational methods in science and technology special issue 2 1145 2010 i. Electromagnetically induced transparency in a nonuniform plasma is investigated. Stopped light with storage times greater than 1 second using electromagnetically induced transparency in a solid presented by. Electromagnetically induced transparency with rydberg atoms. The electromagnetically induced transparency eit phenomenon in a four level atomic system with tripod configuration is studied. Howell department of physics and astronomy the college arts and sciences university of rochester rochester, new york 2007. Gain leveling using electromagnetically induced transparency. The metamaterial unit cell structure is composed of two mutually perpendicular silicon nanoscale bars. Optics in coherent media michael fleischhauer1, atac imamoglu2, and jonathan p.
Jul 11, 2016 in this paper, we demonstrated a lowloss and hightransmission analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency based on alldieletric metasurface. An extremely large group index via electromagnetically. Classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency. In this paper, we demonstrated a lowloss and hightransmission analogy of electromagnetically induced transparency based on alldieletric metasurface. Associated with the induced transparency is a dramatic modi. Electromagnetically induced transparency with squeezed. The subject of this paper is the electromagnetically. Rubidium as well as the frequency modulation of laser beams, which. Other names used to refer to this situation are dark resonance and coherent population trapping.
The author present a eit analogue system, consisting of a dark and bright mode resonator. When a strong coupling laser field is used to drive a resonant transition in a three level atomic system, the absorption of a weak probe laser field can be reduced or eliminated. Electromagnetically induced transparencybased slow and. They then discuss pulse propagation and the adiabatic evolution of. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a coherent optical nonlinearity which renders a medium transparent within a narrow spectral range around an absorption line. For instance, electromagnetically induced transparency eit. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is an important component for numerous experiments spanning the subjects of slow light , stored light 4,5, generation of correlated photon pairs 6, quantum information processing 7 eitenhanced nonlinear optics such as frequency mixing or generation 812, magnetometry 15, atomic fre. Eigs are dynamically created by light interference on optically resonant materials and rely on population inversion andor optical coherence properties of the material. Longrange interactions between the atoms constrain the medium to behave as a collection of superatoms, each comprising a blockade volume that can accommodate at most one rydberg excitation. Review of classical analog of electromagnetically induced. The preparation of eit requires a dopplerfree saturation spectroscopy on. Controlling photons using electromagnetically induced transparency m.
It is in essence a quantum interference effect that. We describe a method for obtaining population trapping and electromagnetically induced transparency in. Electromagnetically induced transparencybased slow and stored light in warm atoms irina novikova1, ronald l. Dynamics of electromagnetically induced transparency. Eit may also be used, but under more limited condi. Eit may also be used, but under more limited conditions, to eliminate optical selffocus ing and defocusing and to im one can make opaque resonant.
Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum phenomenon that makes use of resonant electromagnetic elds to alter the optical properties of an atomic medium. Apr 18, 2016 introduction 3 a weak probe normally experiences absorption shown in blue. Double electromagnetically induced transparency in a. Electromagnetically induced transparency controlled by a. Quantum control of light using electromagnetically induced transparency s591 transfer of quantum states from photons to atoms and vice versa. Electromagnetically induced transparency with squeezed vacuum written by daisuke akamatsu submitted to the department of physics tokyo institute of technology in partial full.
Gorshkov b and irina novikovaa adepartment of physics, the college of william and mary, williamsburg, virginia 23185, usa. Electromagnetically induced transparency in hybrid plasmonicdielectric system bin tang 1,2, lei dai 1, and chun jiang 1, 1state key laboratory of advanced optical communication systems and networks, shanghai jiao tong university, shanghai. When one frequency component of the light field is much stronger than the other, it is referred to as a coupling or drive field, and the reduction of the absorption of the weaker probe field is called electromagnetically induced transparency. Applications of electromagnetically induced transparency to. Electromagnetically induced transparency and slow light with. Spiller trusted systems laboratory hp laboratories bristol hpl200473 april 23, 2004 email. The origin of the electromagnetic induced transparency eit effect is explained not as the vanish of atomfield interaction, but as the growing of stimulated. The theoretical absorption profile of a weak probe laser beam at.
A strip of graphene is used to tune the strength of the eitlike response. Electromagnetically induced transparency a thesis reed. When a strong coupling laser field is used to drive a resonant transition in a threelevel atomic system, the absorption of a weak probe laser field can be reduced or eliminated provided the two resonant transitions are coherently coupled to a. A second coupling beam induces eit and creates a window in the absorption region red. Marangos3 1 fachbereich physik, technische universit at kaiserslautern,d67663 germany 2 institute of quantum electronics, ethh onggerberg, hpt g12, ch8093 z urich, switzerland 3 quantum optics and laser science group, blackett laboratory, imperial college, london. Electromagnetically induced grating eig is an optical interference phenomenon where an interference pattern is used to build a dynamic spatial diffraction grating in matter. Pdf on jun 27, 2010, kowalski krzysztof, cao long v. Electromagnetically induced transparency in rubidium. We discuss the possible frequency ranges in which a weak beam below cutoff can propagate transparently in this plasma with the presence of a strong high frequency field. Darkstate polaritonsin electromagnetically induced transparency. Marangos3 1 fachbereich physik, technische universit at kaiserslautern,d67663 germany 2 institute of quantum electronics, ethh onggerberg, hpt g12, ch8093 z urich, switzerland 3 quantum optics and laser science group, blackett laboratory, imperial college, london sw7 2bw. In this way the optical properties of a medium can be dramatically modified, leading to electromagnetically induced transparency and related effects, which have placed. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a coherent optical nonlinearity which renders.
Marangos3 1 fachbereich physik, technische universit at kaiserslautern,d67663 germany. Electromagnetically induced transparency university of rochester. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit in plasmonic. Electromagnetically induced transparency using a artificial. Abstract we provide a broad outline of the requirements that should be met by components produced for a quantum information technology qit industry, and. Electromagnetically induced transparency in atoms with hyper. The above graph shows the transmission and the lower graph shows the refractive index as a function of detuning. In a typical l shape atomic media, there exist two atomic states with forbidden transition. Our results show that adding inner rings produces additional eitlike peaks, and widens the metamaterials spectral range of operation. In this paper we present a theoretical study of eit using supercon ducting circuit with a vtype artificial molecule constructed by two josephson charge qubits coupled each other through a large capacitor. Electromagnetically induced transparency is a technique for eliminating the effect of a medium on a propagating beam of electromagnetic radiation. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum mechanical effect observed in three level atomic media in which the absorption of a laser beam is signi. Alloptical analog to electromagnetically induced transparency in multiple coupled photonic crystal cavities xiaodong yang,1, mingbin yu,2 dimlee kwong,2 and chee wei wong1, 1optical nanostructures laboratory, center for integrated science and engineering, solidstate science and engineering, and mechanical engineering, columbia university, new york, new york 10027, usa. Slow light propagation and amplification via electromagnetically induced transparency and fourwave mixing in an optically dense atomic vapor nathaniel b.
Introduction in recent years, an increasing number of applications, such as quantum information and quantum sensor technologies, have had their performance improved as a result of har. Multipeak electromagnetically induced transparency eit. Electromagnetically induced transparency the concept of eit was first given by harris et al in 1990. Observation of eit involves two optical fields highly coherent light sources, such as lasers.
We present a classical analog for electromagnetically induced transparency eit. It has attracted much interest due to its abilities in slowing down the group velocity of an incident wave, and inducing transparency in an otherwise opaque sample at resonant frequency. Electromagnetically induced transparency in hybrid plasmonic. A phenomenon known as electromagnetically induced transparency has been the subject of much research in atomic systems, as it makes it possible to slow down and stop light. Controlling photons using electromagnetically induced. Electromagnetically induced transparency and slow light. The transmission spectrum is studied in an ultracold gas for the d2 line in both 85rb and 87rb, where the decoherence due to diffusion of the atomic medium is negligible. Electromagnetically induced transparency wikipedia. Pdf electromagnetically induced transparency researchgate. Under the joint effects of the neighboring metaatoms coherent interaction and significant low absorption loss, the transmission. Metamaterials, electromagnetically induced transparency, slow light 1introduction electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a quantum mechanical effect observed in three level atomic media in which the absorption of a laser beam is signi. Under typical conditions that is, in the presence of a single near. Introduction the subject of this paper is the electromagnetically induced transparency eit, the phenomenon belonging to the category of the coherent effects.
Ii we introduce the physical foundations underlying eit. Moreover, it is necessary to have a quantum memory that is capable of storing, releasing and manipulating quantum states at the level of individual quanta. Article on electromagnetically induced transparency controlled by a microwave field. We propose and demonstrate a scheme of gain leveling for erbiumdoped fiber amplifier edfa by applying a strong coherent field to a three level amplified. While the transparency window in electromagnetically induced transparency is a result of fano interference among different transition pathways, in autlertownes splitting it is the result of. Ginzton laboratory, stanford university, stanford, california 94305 received 14 july 1997. Introduction 3 a weak probe normally experiences absorption shown in blue. Hence, we get the name electromagnetically induced transparency. We investigate the electromagnetic response of the concentric multiring, or the bulls eye, structure as an extension of the dualring metamaterial which exhibits electromagneticallyinduced transparency eitlike transmission characteristics. Stopped light greater than 1 second using electromagnetically.
Under the joint effects of the neighboring metaatoms coherent interaction and significant low absorption loss, the transmission and the q. Quantum control of light using electromagnetically induced. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit is a phenomenon in which the presence of a nonradiative coherence leads to destructive quantum interference, causing an otherwise absorbing transition to become transparent. Review of classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency eli cabelly june 2, 2011 abstract alzar, martinez, and nussenzveig have proposed an experiment to demonstrate electromagnetically in duced transparency by using a coupled oscillator circuit made up of nothing more than passive resistors, inductors, and capacitors. At resonance the transmission is perfect, and the refractive index is 1. Alloptical analog to electromagnetically induced transparency in multiple coupled photonic crystal cavities xiaodong yang,1, mingbin yu,2 dimlee kwong,2 and chee wei wong1, 1optical nanostructures laboratory, center for integrated science and engineering, solidstate science and engineering.
Electromagnetically induced transparency eit having wide applications in quantum optics and nonlinear optics is explored ordinarily in various atomic systems. We present three basic threelevel configurations of the atomic levels and fields in which eit could be observed. The first experimental dem onstration of eit was based on a. As a spectroscopic tool, eit can be used to probe for the existence of nonradiative coherences. This thesis investigates electromagnetically induced transparency eit in thermal rubidium vapor. Dark resonances and electromagnetically induced transparency eit 1,2 can be used to make a resonant, optically opaque medium transparent by means of quantum interference. Electromagnetically induced transparency with rydberg. Stopped light and image storage by electromagnetically induced transparency up to the regime of one minute georg heinze, christian hubrich, and thomas halfmann institut fu.
The experimental demonstrations of the electromagnetically induced. We present a theory of electromagnetically induced transparency in a cold ensemble of strongly interacting rydberg atoms. Darkstate polaritonsin electromagnetically induced. In this way the optical properties of a medium can be dramatically modified, leading to electromagnetically induced transparency and related effects, which have placed gasphase systems at the center of recent advances in the development of media with radically new optical properties. Electromagnetically induced transparency 9 with k 3, 4, 5, and with e p e c being the electric field amplitude of the probe coupling beam, an d ij. Electromagnetically induced transparency in a nonuniform. Applications of electromagnetically induced transparency to quantum information processing r. Electromagnetically induced transparency eit preface imagine you can make a black wall transparent just by shining a certain light onto that wall.
These can result, for instance, in very slow group. Electromagnetically induced transparency line shapes for. Electromagnetically induced transparency in hybrid. Coherent preparation by laser light of quantum states of atoms and molecules can lead to quantum interference in the amplitudes of optical transitions. On the physical nature of the electromagnetic induced transparency.
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